Secularism
From its early day s, the national movement was committed to secularism. Secularism was
defined in a comprehensive manner which meant the separation of religion from politics and the
state, the treatment of religion as a private matter for the individual, state neutrality towards or
equal respect for all religions, absence of discrimination between followers of different religions,
and active opposition to communalism. For example, to counter communalism and give
expression to its secular commitment, Congress in its Karachi Resolution of 1931 declared that in
free India ‘every citizen shall enjoy freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess and
practise his religion’, that all citizens would be ‘equal before the law, irrespective of caste, creed
or sex’, that no disability would attach to any citizen because of caste, creed or gender ‘in regard
to public employ ment, office of power or honour, and in the exercise of any trade or calling’, and
that ‘the State shall observe neutrality in regard to all religions
From its early day s, the national movement was committed to secularism. Secularism was
defined in a comprehensive manner which meant the separation of religion from politics and the
state, the treatment of religion as a private matter for the individual, state neutrality towards or
equal respect for all religions, absence of discrimination between followers of different religions,
and active opposition to communalism. For example, to counter communalism and give
expression to its secular commitment, Congress in its Karachi Resolution of 1931 declared that in
free India ‘every citizen shall enjoy freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess and
practise his religion’, that all citizens would be ‘equal before the law, irrespective of caste, creed
or sex’, that no disability would attach to any citizen because of caste, creed or gender ‘in regard
to public employ ment, office of power or honour, and in the exercise of any trade or calling’, and
that ‘the State shall observe neutrality in regard to all religions
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