Basic
technology of wind power
Wind electric generator converts
kinetic energy available in wind to electrical energy by using rotor, gearbox
and generator.
Main components of a wind electric
generator are:
1. Tower
2. Nacelle
3. Rotor
4. Gearbox
5. Generator
6. Braking System.
7. Yaw System.
8. Controllers.
9. Sensors.
The Basic Process
The wind turns the blades of a windmill-like machine. The rotating blades turn the shaft to which they are attached. The turning shaft typically can either power a pump or turn a generator, which produces electricity.
Most wind machines have blades attached to a horizontal shaft. This shaft transmits power through a series of gears, which provide power to a water pump or electric generator. These are called horizontal axis wind turbines.
There are also vertical axis machines, such as the Darrieus wind machine, which has two, three, or four long curved blades on a vertical shaft and resembles a giant eggbeater in shape.
The amount of energy produced by a wind machine depends upon the wind speed and the size of the blades in the machine. In general, when the wind speed doubles, the power produced increases eight times. Larger blades capture more wind. As the diameter of the circle formed by the blades doubles, the power increases four times.
The wind turns the blades of a windmill-like machine. The rotating blades turn the shaft to which they are attached. The turning shaft typically can either power a pump or turn a generator, which produces electricity.
Most wind machines have blades attached to a horizontal shaft. This shaft transmits power through a series of gears, which provide power to a water pump or electric generator. These are called horizontal axis wind turbines.
There are also vertical axis machines, such as the Darrieus wind machine, which has two, three, or four long curved blades on a vertical shaft and resembles a giant eggbeater in shape.
The amount of energy produced by a wind machine depends upon the wind speed and the size of the blades in the machine. In general, when the wind speed doubles, the power produced increases eight times. Larger blades capture more wind. As the diameter of the circle formed by the blades doubles, the power increases four times.
Why Wind Energy
·
The project is
environment friendly.
·
Good wind
potential to harness wind energy.
·
A permanent
shield against ever increasing power prices. The cost per kwh reduces over a
period of time as against rising cost for conventional power projects.
·
The cheapest
source of electrical energy. (on a levelled cost over 20 years.)
·
Least equity
participation required, as well as low cost debt is easily available to wind
energy projects.
·
A project with
the fastest payback period.
·
A real fast
track power project, with the lowest gestation period; and a modular concept.
·
Operation and
Maintenance (O&M) costs are low.
·
No marketing
risks, as the product is electrical energy.
·
A project with
no investment in manpower.
Essential requirements for setting up a
wind farm
An area where a number of wind electric generators are installed is known as a wind farm. The essential requirements for establishment of a wind farm for optimal exploitation of the wind are
An area where a number of wind electric generators are installed is known as a wind farm. The essential requirements for establishment of a wind farm for optimal exploitation of the wind are
1. High wind resource at particular
site.
2. Adequate land availability.
3. Suitable terrain and good soil
condition.
4. Proper approach to site.
5. Suitable power grid nearby.
6. Techno-economic selection of WEGs.
7. Scientifically prepared layout.
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